Grant may refer to:

Places

Grant County (disambiguation)

United Kingdom

Castle Grant, 1.5 miles north of Grantown-on-Spey, Scotland

United States

Grant, Alabama

Grant, Inyo County, California

Grant, Sonoma County, California

Grant, Colorado

Grant-Valkaria, Florida

Grant, Iowa

Grant, Michigan

Grant, Minnesota

Grant, Nebraska

Grant, Wisconsin (disambiguation) (six towns)

Grant City, Indiana

Grant City, Missouri

Grant City, Staten Island

Grant Park, Illinois

Grant Park (Chicago)

Grant Town, West Virginia

Grant Township (disambiguation) (100 townships in 12 states)

Grants, New Mexico

U.S. Grant Bridge over Ohio River and Scioto River

India

Jolly Grant, Dehradun, Uttarakhand Airport

Businesses

Donald M. Grant, Publisher, Inc., a fantasy and science fiction small press publisher in New Hampshire

W. T. Grant variety store, a chain of mass-merchandise stores

William Grant & Sons, a Scotch whisky distilling company

Military history

USS ''Albert W. Grant'' (DD-649), a US Navy destroyer

M3 Lee, an American tank, a modified version was called the ''Grant''

Law and philanthropy

Grant, in United States law, a term in conveyancing

Grant (money), an award usually funded by a government, business, or foundation, often with not-for-profit preconditions

Other

Colloquial term for a United States fifty-dollar bill which bears a portrait of President Ulysses S. Grant

Grant of Arms in nobility

"Grant", a poem by Patti Smith from her 1978 book ''Babel'' (book)

Grant (automobile), a defunct Findlay, Ohio auto manufacturer

''In Search of the Castaways'' (originally titled ''The Children of Captain Grant''), a novel by Jules Verne

People

Ulysses S. Grant, the 18th President of the United States and general of the Union during the American Civil War

Frederick Dent Grant, son of the 18th President

See also

Grant County (disambiguation)

Grantor (disambiguation)

bg:Грант cs:Grant de:Grant es:Grant eo:Grant fr:Grant ko:그랜트 it:Grant he:גרנט nl:Grant ja:グラント pl:Grant (ujednoznacznienie) pt:Grant ro:Grant ru:Грант (значения) sl:Grant fi:Grant uk:Грант (значення) vo:Grant zh:格兰特

birth name	Mary Louise Streep
birth date	June 22, 1949
birth place	Summit, New Jersey, U.S.
nationality	American
spouse	Don Gummer(m.1978–present; 4 children)
children	4 (including Mamie Gummer and Grace Gummer)
partner	John Cazale(1976-78, his death)
occupation	Actress
years active	1971–present }}

Mary Louise "Meryl" Streep (born June 22, 1949) is an American actress who has worked in theatre, television and film. She is widely regarded as one of the most talented and respected actresses of the modern era.

Streep made her professional stage debut in 1971's ''The Playboy of Seville'', before her screen debut in the television movie ''The Deadliest Season'' in 1977. In that same year, she made her film debut with ''Julia''. Both critical and commercial success came quickly with roles in ''The Deer Hunter'' (1978) and ''Kramer vs. Kramer'' (1979), the former giving Streep her first Oscar nomination and the latter her first win. She later won an Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance in ''Sophie's Choice'' (1982).

Streep has received 16 Academy Award nominations, winning two, and 25 Golden Globe nominations, winning seven, more nominations than any other actor in the history of either award. Her work has also earned her two Emmy Awards, two Screen Actors Guild Awards, a Cannes Film Festival award, four New York Film Critics Circle Awards, five Grammy Award nominations, a BAFTA award, an Australian Film Institute Award and a Tony Award nomination, amongst others. She was awarded the American Film Institute's Lifetime Achievement Award in 2004.

Early life and background

Streep was born Mary Louise Streep in Summit, New Jersey, the daughter of Mary Wolf (née Wilkinson), a commercial artist and former art editor, and Harry William Streep, Jr., a pharmaceutical executive. She has two brothers, Dana and Harry. Her paternal ancestry originates in Loffenau, Germany, from where her second great-grandfather, Gottfried Streeb, emigrated to the United States, and where one of her ancestors served as mayor. Another line of her father's family was from Giswil, a small town in Switzerland. Her maternal ancestry originates in Pennsylvania and Rhode Island. Her eighth great-grandfather, Lawrence Wilkinson, was one of the first Europeans to settle Rhode Island. Streep is also a distant relative of William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania, and records show her family were among the first purchasers of land in Pennsylvania.

She was raised a Presbyterian, and grew up in Bernardsville, New Jersey, where she attended Bernards High School. She received her B.A., in Drama at Vassar College in 1971 (where she briefly received instruction from actress Jean Arthur), but also enrolled as an exchange student at Dartmouth College for a quarter before it became coeducational. She subsequently earned an M.F.A. from Yale School of Drama. While at Yale, she played a variety of roles onstage, from the glamorous Helena in ''A Midsummer Night's Dream'' to an eighty-year old woman in a wheelchair in a comedy written by then-unknown playwrights Christopher Durang and Albert Innaurato. "It was immediately apparent," said then-dean Robert Brustein, "that she was destined for greatness."

Career

Early career

Streep performed in several theater productions in New York after graduating from Yale School of Drama, including the New York Shakespeare Festival productions of ''Henry V'', ''The Taming of the Shrew'' with Raúl Juliá, and ''Measure for Measure'' opposite Sam Waterston and John Cazale, who became her fiancé. She starred on Broadway in the Brecht/Weill musical ''Happy End'', and won an Obie for her performance in the all-sung off-Broadway production of ''Alice at the Palace''. Streep began auditioning for film roles, and later recalled an unsuccessful audition for Dino De Laurentiis for the leading role in ''King Kong''. De Laurentiis commented to his son in Italian, "She's ugly. Why did you bring me this thing?" and was shocked when Streep replied in fluent Italian. Streep's first feature film was ''Julia'' (1977), in which she played a small but pivotal role during a flashback scene. Streep was living in New York City with her fiancé, Cazale, who had been diagnosed with bone cancer. He was cast in ''The Deer Hunter'' (1978), and Streep was delighted to secure a small role because it allowed her to remain with Cazale for the duration of filming. She was not specifically interested in the part, commenting, "They needed a girl between the two guys and I was it."

She played a leading role in the television miniseries ''Holocaust'' (1978) as an Aryan woman married to a Jewish artist in Nazi era Germany. She later explained that she had considered the material to be "unrelentingly noble", and had taken the role only because she had needed money. Streep travelled to Germany and Austria for filming while Cazale remained in New York. Upon her return, Streep found that Cazale's illness had progressed, and she nursed him until his death on March 12, 1978. She spoke of her grief and her hope that work would provide a diversion; she accepted a role in ''The Seduction of Joe Tynan'' (1979) with Alan Alda, later commenting that she played it on "automatic pilot", and performed the role of Katherine in ''The Taming of the Shrew'' for Shakespeare in the Park. With an estimated audience of 109 million, ''Holocaust'' brought a degree of public recognition to Streep, who was described in August 1978 as "on the verge of national visibility". She won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress – Miniseries or a Movie for her performance.

''The Deer Hunter'' (1978) was released a month later, and Streep was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance.

Streep played a supporting role in ''Manhattan'' (1979) for Woody Allen, later stating that she had not seen a complete script and was given only the six pages of her own scenes, and that she had not been permitted to improvise a word of her dialogue. Asked to comment on the script for ''Kramer vs. Kramer'' (1979), in a meeting with the producer Stan Jaffee, director Robert Benton and star Dustin Hoffman, Streep insisted that the female character was not representative of many real women who faced marriage breakdown and child custody battles, and was written as "too evil". Jaffee, Benton and Hoffman agreed with Streep, and the script was revised. In preparing for the part, Streep spoke to her own mother about her life as a mother and housewife with a career, and frequented the Upper East Side neighborhood in which the film was set. Benton allowed Streep to write her dialogue in two of her key scenes, despite some objection from Hoffman. Jaffee and Hoffman later spoke of Streep's tirelessness, with Hoffman commenting, "She's extraordinarily hardworking, to the extent that she's obsessive. I think that she thinks about nothing else but what she's doing."

Streep drew critical acclaim for her performance in each of her three films released in 1979: the romantic comedy ''Manhattan'', the political drama ''The Seduction of Joe Tynan'' and the family drama, ''Kramer vs. Kramer''. She was awarded the Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actress, National Board of Review Award for Best Supporting Actress and National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actress for her collective work in the three films. Among the awards won for ''Kramer vs. Kramer'' were the Academy Award and Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress.

1980s

After prominent supporting roles in two of the 1970s' most successful films, the consecutive winners of the Academy Award for Best Picture, ''The Deer Hunter'' and ''Kramer vs. Kramer'', and praise for her versatility in several supporting roles, Streep progressed to leading roles. Her first was ''The French Lieutenant's Woman'' (1981). A story within a story drama, the film paired Streep with Jeremy Irons as contemporary actors, telling their modern story as well as the Victorian era drama they were performing. A ''New York Magazine'' article commented that while many female stars of the past had cultivated a singular identity in their films, Streep was a "chameleon", willing to play any type of role. Streep was awarded a BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role for her work.

Her next film, the psychological thriller, ''Still of the Night'' (1982) reunited her with Robert Benton, the director of ''Kramer vs. Kramer'', and co-starred Roy Scheider and Jessica Tandy. Vincent Canby, writing for ''The New York Times'' noted that the film was an homage to the works of Alfred Hitchcock, but that one of its main weaknesses was a lack of chemistry between Streep and Scheider, concluding that Streep "is stunning, but she's not on screen anywhere near long enough".

As the Polish holocaust survivor in ''Sophie's Choice'' (1982), Streep's emotional dramatic performance and her apparent mastery of a Polish accent drew praise. William Styron wrote the novel with Ursula Andress in mind for the part of Sophie, but Streep was very determined to get the role. After she obtained a pirated copy of the script, she went to Alan J. Pakula and threw herself on the ground begging him to give her the part. Streep filmed the "choice" scene in one take and refused to do it again, as she found shooting the scene extremely painful and emotionally exhausting. Among several notable acting awards, Streep won the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance. Roger Ebert said of her performance, "Streep plays the Brooklyn scenes with an enchanting Polish-American accent (she has the first accent I've ever wanted to hug), and she plays the flashbacks in subtitled German and Polish. There is hardly an emotion that Streep doesn't touch in this movie, and yet we're never aware of her straining. This is one of the most astonishing and yet one of the most unaffected and natural performances I can imagine."

She followed this success with a biographical film, ''Silkwood'' (1983), in which she played her first real-life character, the union activist Karen Silkwood. She discussed her preparation for the role in an interview with Roger Ebert and said that she had met with people close to Silkwood to learn more about her, and in doing so realized that each person saw a different aspect of Silkwood. Streep concentrated on the events of Silkwood's life and concluded, "I didn't try to turn myself into Karen. I just tried to look at what she did. I put together every piece of information I could find about her... What I finally did was look at the events in her life, and try to understand her from the inside."

Her next films were a romantic drama, ''Falling in Love'' (1984) opposite Robert De Niro, and a British drama, ''Plenty'' (1985). Roger Ebert said of Streep's performance in ''Plenty'' that she conveyed "great subtlety; it is hard to play an unbalanced, neurotic, self-destructive woman, and do it with such gentleness and charm... Streep creates a whole character around a woman who could have simply been a catalogue of symptoms."

''Out of Africa'' (1985) starred Streep as the Danish writer Karen Blixen and co-starred Robert Redford. A significant critical success, the film received a 63% "fresh" rating from Rotten Tomatoes. Streep co-starred with Jack Nicholson in her next two films, the dramas ''Heartburn'' (1986) and ''Ironweed'' (1987), in which she sang onscreen for the first time since the television movie, ''Secret Service'', in 1977. In ''A Cry in the Dark'' (1988), she played the biographical role of Lindy Chamberlain, an Australian woman who had been convicted of the murder of her infant daughter in which Chamberlain claimed her baby had been taken by a dingo. Filmed in Australia, Streep won the Australian Film Institute Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role, a Best Actress at the Cannes Film Festival, the New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress and was nominated for several other awards for her portrayal of Chamberlain.

In ''She-Devil'' (1989), Streep played her first comedic film role, opposite Roseanne Barr. Richard Corliss, writing for ''Time,'' commented that Streep was the "one reason" to see the film and observed that it marked a departure from the type of role for which she had been known, saying, "Surprise! Inside the Greer Garson roles Streep usually plays, a vixenish Carole Lombard is screaming to be cut loose."

1990s

From 1984 to 1990, Streep won six People's Choice Awards for Favorite Motion Picture Actress and, in 1990, was named World Favorite.

In the 1990s, Streep continued to choose a great variety of roles, including a drug addicted movie actress in a screen adaptation of Carrie Fisher's novel ''Postcards from the Edge'', with Dennis Quaid and Shirley MacLaine. Streep and Goldie Hawn had established a friendship and were interested in making a film together. After considering various projects, they decided upon ''Thelma and Louise'', until Streep's pregnancy coincided with the filming schedule, and the producers decided to proceed with Susan Sarandon and Geena Davis. They subsequently filmed the farcical black comedy, ''Death Becomes Her'', with Bruce Willis as their co-star. ''Time'''s Richard Corliss wrote approvingly of Streep's "wicked-witch routine" but dismissed the film as "''She-Devil'' with a make-over".

Biographer Karen Hollinger describes this period as a downturn in the popularity of Streep's films, which reached its nadir with the failure of ''Death Becomes Her'', attributing this partly to a critical perception that her comedies had been an attempt to convey a lighter image following several serious but commercially unsuccessful dramas, and more significantly to the lack of options available to an actress in her forties. Streep commented that she had limited her options by her preference to work in Los Angeles, close to her family, a situation that she had anticipated in a 1981 interview when she commented, "By the time an actress hits her mid-forties, no one's interested in her anymore. And if you want to fit a couple of babies into that schedule as well, you've got to pick your parts with great care."

Streep appeared with Glenn Close in the movie version of Isabel Allende's ''The House of the Spirits'', the screen adaptation of ''The Bridges of Madison County'' with Clint Eastwood, ''The River Wild'', ''Marvin's Room'' (with Diane Keaton and Leonardo DiCaprio), ''One True Thing'', and ''Music of the Heart'', in a role that required her to learn to play the violin, She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role for "The Bridges of Madison County", "Music of the Heart" (where she plays the role of Roberta Guaspari) and "One True Thing".

2000s

Streep entered the 2000s with Steven Spielberg's ''A.I. Artificial Intelligence'', a science fiction film about a child-like android, played by Haley Joel Osment, uniquely programmed with the ability to love, voicing the Blue Fairy. The same year, Streep co-hosted the annual Nobel Peace Prize concert with Liam Neeson in Oslo, Norway, and began work on Spike Jonze's comedy-drama ''Adaptation'' (2002), in which she portrayed real-life journalist Susan Orlean. Lauded by critics and viewers alike, the film was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Writing, and won Streep her fourth Golden Globe in the Best Supporting Actress category. Also in 2002, Streep appeared alongside Nicole Kidman and Julianne Moore in Stephen Daldry's ''The Hours'', based on the 1999 novel of the same title by Michael Cunningham. Focusing on three women of different generations whose lives are interconnected by the novel ''Mrs. Dalloway'' by Virginia Woolf, the film was generally well-received and won all three leading actresses a Silver Bear for Best Actress the following year.

thumb|right|upright|Streep in 2004 The following year, Streep had a cameo as herself in the Farrelly brothers comedy ''Stuck on You'' (2003) and reunited with Mike Nichols to star with Al Pacino and Emma Thompson in the HBO adaptation of Tony Kushner's six-hour play ''Angels in America'', the story of two couples whose relationships dissolve amidst the backdrop of Reagan Era politics. Streep, who was cast in four different roles in the mini-series, received her second Emmy Award and fifth Golden Globe for her performance. In 2004, Streep was awarded the AFI Life Achievement Award by the Board of Directors of the American Film Institute, and appeared in Jonathan Demme's moderately successful remake ''The Manchurian Candidate'', co-starring Denzel Washington, playing a U.S. senator and a manipulative, ruthless mother of a vice-presidential candidate. The same year, she played the supporting role of Aunt Josephine in ''Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events'' alongside Jim Carrey, based on the first three novels in Snicket's book series. The black comedy received generally favorable reviews from critics, and won the Academy Award for Best Makeup.

Streep's was next cast in the 2005 comedy ''Prime'', directed by Ben Younger. In the film, she played Lisa Metzger, the Jewish psychoanalyst of a divorced and lonesome business-woman, played by Uma Thurman, who enters a relationship with Metzger's 23-years-old son (Bryan Greenberg). A modest mainstream success, it eventually grossed US$67.9 million internationally. In 2006, she, along with Lily Tomlin, portrayed the last two members of what was once a popular family country music act in Robert Altman's final film ''A Prairie Home Companion''. A comedic ensemble piece featuring Tommy Lee Jones, Kevin Kline and Woody Harrelson, the film revolves around the behind-the-scenes activities at the long-running public radio show of the same name. The film grossed over US$26 million, the majority of which came from domestic markets. Commercially, Streep fared better with a role in ''The Devil Wears Prada'' (2006), a loose screen adaptation of Lauren Weisberger's 2003 novel of the same name. Portraying the powerful and demanding fashion magazine editor and boss of a recent college graduate (played by Anne Hathaway) Miranda Priestly, Streep's performance drew rave reviews from critics and later earned her many award nominations, including her record-setting 14th Oscar bid, as well as another Golden Globe. Upon its commercial release, the film became Streep's biggest commercial success yet, grossing more than US$326.5 million worldwide.

In 2007, Streep was cast in four different films. She portrayed a wealthy university patron in Chen Shi-zheng's much-delayed feature drama ''Dark Matter'' (2007), a film about of a Chinese science graduate student who becomes violent after dealing with academic politics at a U.S. university. Inspired by the events of a 1991 tragedy at the University of Iowa. and initially scheduled for a 2007 release, producers and investors decided to shelve ''Dark Matter'' out of respect for the Virginia Tech massacre in April 2007. The drama received negative to mixed reviews upon its limited 2008 released. Streep played a U.S. government official, who investigates an Egyptian foreign national in Washington, D.C. suspected of terrorism in the Middle East, in the political thriller ''Rendition'' (2007), directed by Gavin Hood. Keen to get involved into a thriller film, Streep welcomed the opportunity to star in a film genre she usually was not offered scripts for and immediately signed on to the project. Upon its release, ''Rendition'' became a failure, and received mixed reviews.

Also in 2007, Streep had a short role alongside Vanessa Redgrave, Glenn Close and her eldest daughter Mamie Gummer in Lajos Koltai's drama film ''Evening'', based on the 1998 novel of the same name by Susan Minot. Switching between the present and the past, it tells the story of a bedridden women, who remembers her tumultuous life the mid-1950s. The film was released to lukewarm reactions by critics, who called it "beautifully filmed, but decidedly dull [and] a colossal waste of a talented cast." Streep's last film of 2007 was Robert Redfords ''Lions for Lambs'', a film about the connection between a platoon of United States soldiers in Afghanistan, a U.S. senator, a reporter, and a California college professor.

thumb|right|220px|Streep with her fellow cast and all four members of ABBA at the Swedish premiere of ''Mamma Mia!'' in July 2008. In 2008, Streep found major commercial success when she starred in Phyllida Lloyd's ''Mamma Mia!'', a film adaptation of the musical of the same name, based on the songs of Swedish pop group ABBA. Co-starring Amanda Seyfried, Pierce Brosnan, and Colin Firth, she played a single mother and a former backing singer, whose daughter (Seyfried), a bride-to-be who never met her father, invites three likely paternal candidates to her wedding on an idyllic Greek island. An instant box office success, ''Mamma Mia!'' became Streep's highest-grossing film to date, with box office receipts of US$602.6 million, also ranking it first among the highest-grossing musical films of all-time. Nominated for another Golden Globe, Streep's performance was generally well-received by critics, with Wesley Morris of the ''Boston Globe'' commenting "the greatest actor in American movies has finally become a movie star." Streep's other film of 2008 was ''Doubt'' featuring Philip Seymour Hoffman, Amy Adams, and Viola Davis. A drama revolving around the stern principal nun (Streep) of a Bronx Catholic school in 1964 who brings charges of pedophilia against a popular priest (Hoffman), the film became a moderate box office success, but was hailed by many critics as one of the best of 2008. The film received five Academy Awards nominations, for its four lead actors and for Shanley's script.

In 2009, Streep played chef Julia Child in Nora Ephron's ''Julie & Julia'', co-starring Amy Adams and Stanley Tucci. The first major motion picture based on a blog, it contrasts the life of Child in the early years of her culinary career with the life of young New Yorker Julie Powell (Adams), who aspires to cook all 524 recipes in Child's cookbook ''Mastering the Art of French Cooking'' in 365 days, a challenge she described on her popular blog, ''The Julie/Julia Project'', that would make her a published author. The same year, she also starred in Nancy Meyers' romantic comedy ''It's Complicated'', with Alec Baldwin and Steve Martin. She also received nomination for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy for this film. Streep also lent her voice to Mrs. Felicity Fox in the stop-motion film ''Fantastic Mr. Fox''.

2010s

In July 2010, it was announced that Streep will star in an upcoming comedy entitled ''Mommy & Me'' alongside Tina Fey who will play her daughter. The film is being directed by Stanley Tucci. Streep has also been cast as Margaret Thatcher in ''The Iron Lady'', a look at the Prime Minister during the Falklands War and her years in retirement.

Accents and dialects

Streep is well known for her ability to imitate foreign and domestic accents, from Danish in ''Out of Africa'' and Italian in ''The Bridges of Madison County'' to a Midwestern dialect in ''A Prairie Home Companion''. In ''A Cry in the Dark'' she colored Australian English with New Zealand tonalities. For her role in the film ''Sophie's Choice'', she took a language course in Polish for four months, so as to interpret a young Pole perfectly. Despite the accolades accorded to her, Streep has responded to praise with the assertion that adopting accents is an element she simply considers an obvious part of her task in creating characters. When asked whether accents help her get into character, she responded, 'I'm always baffled by this question... How could I play that part and talk like me?' When questioned as to how she reproduces different accents, Streep replied, 'I listen.'

Theatre

In New York City, she appeared in the 1976 Broadway double bill of Tennessee Williams' ''27 Wagons Full of Cotton'' and Arthur Miller's ''A Memory of Two Mondays''. For the former, she received a Tony Award nomination for Best Featured Actress in a Play. Her other early Broadway credits include Anton Chekhov's ''The Cherry Orchard'' and the Bertolt Brecht-Kurt Weill musical ''Happy End'' in which she originally appeared off-Broadway at the Chelsea Theater Center. She received Drama Desk Award nominations for both productions. Once Streep's film career flourished, she took a long break from stage acting.

In July 2001, Streep returned to the stage for the first time in more than twenty years, playing Arkadina in the Public Theater's revival of Anton Chekhov's ''The Seagull''. The staging, directed by Mike Nichols, also featured Kevin Kline, Natalie Portman, Philip Seymour Hoffman, Christopher Walken, Marcia Gay Harden, and John Goodman.

In August and September 2006, she starred onstage at The Public Theater's production of ''Mother Courage and Her Children'' at the Delacorte Theatre in Central Park. The Public Theater production was a new translation by playwright Tony Kushner (''Angels in America''), with songs in the Weill/Brecht style written by composer Jeanine Tesori (''Caroline, or Change''); veteran director George C. Wolfe was at the helm. Streep starred alongside Kevin Kline and Austin Pendleton in this three-and-a-half-hour play in which she sang and appeared in almost every scene.

Music

After appearing in ''Mamma Mia!'', Streep's rendition of the song "Mamma Mia" rose to popularity in the Portuguese music charts, where it peaked at #8 in October 2008.

At the 35th People's Choice Awards, her version of ''Mamma Mia'' won an award for "Favorite Song From A Soundtrack". In 2008, Streep was nominated for a Grammy Award (her fifth nomination) for her work on the ''Mamma Mia!'' soundtrack.

Personal life

Meryl Streep was engaged to actor John Cazale until his death in March 1978. Streep married sculptor Don Gummer on September 15, 1978. They have four children: Henry "Hank" Wolfe Gummer (born November 13, 1979), Mary Willa "Mamie" Gummer (born August 3, 1983), Grace Jane Gummer (born May 9, 1986), and Louisa Jacobson Gummer (born June 12, 1991). Both Mamie and Grace are actresses. Hank is a musician who performs under the name Henry Wolfe.

When asked if religion plays a part in her life in an interview in 2009, Streep replied, "I follow no doctrine. I don't belong to a church or a temple or a synagogue or an ashram."

Awards

Streep holds the record for the most Academy Award nominations of any actor, having been nominated sixteen times since her first nomination in 1979 for ''The Deer Hunter'' (thirteen for Best Actress and three for Best Supporting Actress). Streep is also the most-nominated performer for a Golden Globe Award (with 25 nominations) and, with her overall seventh win for ''Julie & Julia'' in 2010, has won the most Golden Globes (excluding special awards).

In 1998, Women in Film awarded Streep with the Crystal Award for outstanding women who have helped expand the role of women within the entertainment industry.

In 2003, Streep was awarded an honorary César Award by the French ''Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma.'' In 2004, at the Moscow International Film Festival, Streep was honored with the Stanislavsky Award for the outstanding achievement in the career of acting and devotion to the principles of Stanislavsky's school. Also in 2004, Streep received the AFI Life Achievement Award. In 2009, she was awarded an honorary Doctorate of Fine Arts by Princeton University. In 2010, she was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Letters, and awarded an honorary Doctor of Arts degree by Harvard University.

Streep received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1998, and May 27, 2004 was proclaimed "Meryl Streep Day" by Manhattan Borough President C. Virginia Fields.

Filmography

See also

List of people from New Jersey

List of American actresses

References

Bibliography

Napoleon, Davi (1991). ''Chelsea on the Edge: The Adventures of an American Theater.'' Includes discussion of Streep's performance in Robert Kalfin's production of ''Happy End'' at the Chelsea Theater and on Broadway. Iowa State University Press. ISBN-0-8138-1713-7.

''Finding Herself: The Prime of Meryl Streep'' by Molly Haskell, ''Film Comment'', May/June 2008.

External links

merylstreeponline.net, Streep's official website

Meryl Streep at BAFTA forty-minute webcast, January 2009

Category:1949 births Category:20th-century American people Category:20th-century women Category:21st-century American people Category:21st-century women Category:Actors from New Jersey Category:American film actors Category:American musical theatre actors Category:American people of English descent Category:American people of German descent Category:American people of Swiss descent Category:American television actors Category:American voice actors Category:BAFTA winners (people) Category:Best Actress Academy Award winners Category:Best Drama Actress Golden Globe (film) winners Category:Best Miniseries or Television Movie Actress Golden Globe winners Category:Best Musical or Comedy Actress Golden Globe (film) winners Category:Best Supporting Actress Academy Award winners Category:Best Supporting Actress Golden Globe (film) winners Category:César Award winners Category:Emmy Award winners Category:Living people Category:Obie Award recipients Category:Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role Screen Actors Guild Award winners Category:Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Miniseries or Television Movie Screen Actors Guild Award winners Category:People from Bernardsville, New Jersey Category:People from Summit, New Jersey Category:Vassar College alumni Category:Yale School of Drama alumni Category:United States National Medal of Arts recipients

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show name	Everybody Hates Chris| image
genre	Sitcom
runtime	22–30 minutes
camera	Film; Single-camera
creator	Chris RockAli LeRoi
starring	Tyler James WilliamsTerry CrewsTichina ArnoldTequan RichmondImani HakimVincent Martella
narrated	Chris Rock
theme music composer	Marcus Miller
composer	Marcus Miller
country	United States
language	English
executive producer	Chris RockAli LeRoiMichael RotenbergDave Becky (all; entire run)Howard Gewirtz(early season 1)Don Reo (seasons 2-4)
company	CR Enterprises, Inc.3 Arts EntertainmentParamount Television (season 1)CBS Paramount Television (seasons 2-4)
location	Paramount StudiosHollywood, California
distributor	CBS Television Distribution
network	UPN (2005–2006) The CW (2006–2009)
num seasons	4
num episodes	88
list episodes	List of Everybody Hates Chris episodes
picture format	480i (SDTV)1080i (HDTV)
audio format	Dolby Digital 5.1 Surround Sound
first aired
last aired
status	Ended }}

''Everybody Hates Chris'' is an American sitcom inspired by the teenage experiences of comedian Chris Rock (who is also the narrator), while growing up in the Bedford-Stuyvesant neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York (often referred to in the show as Bed-Stuy) from 1982 to 1987. Chris Rock grew up with a boy named Kenny Montero who he has often referred to as the inspiration for a lot of the episodes. In many interviews, Rock has described Kenny as the reason he got into comedy in the first place. The title of the show parodies the CBS sitcom ''Everybody Loves Raymond''. Rock stated "''Everybody Loves Raymond'' but ''Everybody Hates Chris!''". The show's lead actors are Tyler James Williams, Terry Crews, Tichina Arnold, Tequan Richmond, Imani Hakim, and Vincent Martella.

In fall 2008, the The CW moved ''Everybody Hates Chris'' and ''The Game'' to the Friday night death slot. The fourth season of the series premiered Friday, October 3, 2008, at 8:00PM Eastern/7:00PM Central. On May 21, 2009, The CW announced that it had cancelled ''Everybody Hates Chris''. Prior to this, executive producer Chris Rock announced that the end of season 4 matched up with his own past—dropping out of high school to become a comedian—and that it was time to end the show.

Plot summary

Set in the mid to late 1980s, the show revolves around the everyday life of Chris. Chris is a 16-year-old high school student in the series' last episode. Chris is one of the few, "normal" characters on the show, surrounded by a collection of eccentric characters that, in his point of view, act as if they dislike him. Chris lives in Bedford-Stuyvesant, Brooklyn, a working-class community and attends an all-white school in Brooklyn Beach, where students and teachers alike pick on him. If events progress favorably for Chris throughout an episode, they will almost certainly backfire on him by the end. Likewise, if a situation isn't going Chris' way, it always gets worse for him, whether or not he tries to change it or not.

In the third season finale, Chris graduates from Corleone Junior High School, but his joy is cut short when his best friend Greg moves to a new school—Chris quickly hatches a plan to go to Greg's high school. Greg ends up having to go to Chris' high school due to poor behavior.

There are several references to ''The Godfather'' on the show. Chris' junior high school is named Corleone, which is named after Vito Corleone and the Corleone family. Chris' high school is named Tattaglia, another one of the Five Families. Also, Tattaglia's mascot is The Sleeping Fishes. In the episode "Everybody Hates Bomb Threats", there is also a school called Barzini high school, the third of the Five Families. Finally, Tattaglia's rival is Clemenza high school, one of Don Corleone's caporegime.

Series finale

The fourth and final season concluded with a series finale titled "Everybody Hates the G.E.D.", which focused on Chris getting his G.E.D. after he decides to drop out of school due to having to repeat the tenth grade for being late 30 times. His parents oppose at first, but they later decide to support and love him regardless. The final episode was a spoof of ''The Sopranos'''s series finale. The entire Rock family were in a diner with Chris's G.E.D results, and as soon as they were about to announce his results, the screen goes black.

Characters

Reception

Critical

The American Film Institute selected ''Everybody Hates Chris'' as one of the best 10 television series of 2007, stating that the show "provides a very real look at growing up in America — a challenge that demands a discussion of race and class often absent from television today." Common Sense Media's Marjorie Kase gave the show 4 stars, and said it was "a prime example of how to take serious issues and approach them in a humorous yet thought-provoking way. The series is innovative, funny, and stereotype-defying -- enjoyable for teens and their parents." Marjorie, however, did warn parents that there are "jokes about drugs (becoming a "crackhead") and the "N" word has been used sparingly. There's also some mild kissing and jokes about teen pregnancy."

Awards

''Everybody Hates Chris'' won an NAACP Image Award for its writing in 2008. It has also been nominated for many Golden Globe and Emmy Awards. In December 2008, ''Entertainment Weekly'' lists the Kwanzaa episode from this show as seventh on the magazine's "Must List: 10 Holiday Things We Love."

Syndication

The show airs regularly on broadcast TV during the week. The show was launched on September 7, 2009 on Nick at Nite, becoming the youngest syndicated show on the channel, beating ''George Lopez''. The series has since expanded from Nick at Nite, and has joined sister network, TeenNick, which lasted from July 18, 2011 to August 15, 2011. Currently, Nick @ Nite only airs the series; the show also airs weekdays on BET.

Awards and nominations

Boldface type indicates a win.

Golden Globes

:2006 - ''Best Television Series - Musical or Comedy'' (Nominated)

Emmy Awards

:2009 - ''Outstanding Cinematography for a Half-Hour Series'' - Mark Doering-Powell for episode "Everybody Hates Back Talk" (Nominated) :2006 - ''Outstanding Cinematography for a Single-Camera Series'' - Mark Doering-Powell for episode "Everybody Hates Funerals." :2006 - ''Outstanding Costumes for a Series'' - Darryle Johnson & Sharlene Williams for episode "Everybody Hates The Pilot" (Nominated)

Writers Guild of America

:2006 - ''New Series'' (Nominated)

Young Artist Awards

:2006 - ''Best Family Television Series (Comedy)'' :2006 - ''Best Performance in a TV Series - Leading Young Actor (Comedy or Drama)'' - Tyler James Williams (Nominated) :2006 - ''Best Performance in a TV Series - Supporting Young Actor (Comedy or Drama)'' - Vincent Martella (Nominated) :2008 - ''Best Performance in a TV Series - Leading Young Actor'' - Tyler James Williams (Nominated) :2008 - ''Best Performance in a TV Series - Supporting Young Actor'' - Vincent Martella (Nominated)

Television Critics Association Awards

:2006 - ''Outstanding Achievement in Comedy'' (Nominated) :2006 - ''Outstanding New Program of the Year'' (Nominated)

Teen Choice Awards

:2006 - ''TV - Choice Actor: Comedy'' - Tyler James Williams (Nominated) :2006 - ''TV - Choice Actress: Comedy'' - Tichina Arnold (Nominated) :2006 - ''TV - Choice Breakout Show'' (Nominated) :2006 - ''TV - Choice Comedy/Musical Show'' (Nominated) :2006 - ''TV - Choice Parental Unit'' - Tichina Arnold & Terry Crews (Nominated) :2006 - ''TV - Choice Sidekick'' - Vincent Martella (Nominated)

Image Awards

:2010 - ''Outstanding Actor in a Comedy Series'' - Tyler James Williams (Nominated) :2010 - ''Outstanding Actress in a Comedy Series'' - Tichina Arnold (Nominated) :2010 - ''Outstanding Comedy Series'' (Nominated) :2010 - ''Outstanding Directing in a Comedy Series'' - Ali LeRoi for episode "Everybody Hates the G.E.D." (Nominated) :2009 - ''Outstanding Actor in a Comedy Series'' - Tyler James Williams (Nominated) :2009 - ''Outstanding Actor in a Comedy Series'' - Terry Crews (Nominated) :2009 - ''Outstanding Actress in a Comedy Series'' - Tichina Arnold (Nominated) :2009 - ''Outstanding Comedy Series'' (Nominated) :2009 - ''Outstanding Directing in a Comedy Series'' - Ali LeRoi for episode "Everybody Hates Port Authority" (Nominated) :2008 - ''Outstanding Writing in a Comedy Series'' - Ali LeRoi for episode "Everybody Hates Guidance Counselor" :2008 - ''Outstanding Actor in a Comedy Series'' - Tyler James Williams (Nominated) :2008 - ''Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series'' - Terry Crews (Nominated) :2008 - ''Outstanding Actress in a Comedy Series'' - Tichina Arnold (Nominated) :2008 - ''Outstanding Comedy Series'' (Nominated) :2008 - ''Outstanding Directing in a Comedy Series'' - Ali LeRoi for episode "Everybody Hates Baseball" (Nominated) :2008 - ''Outstanding Directing in a Comedy Series'' - Millicent Shelton for episode "Everybody Hates the Substitute" (Nominated) :2007 - ''Outstanding Actor in a Comedy Series'' - Tyler James Williams :2007 - ''Outstanding Actress in a Comedy Series'' - Tichina Arnold (Nominated) :2007 - ''Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series'' - Terry Crews (Nominated) :2007 - ''Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series'' - Antonio Fargas (Nominated) :2007 - ''Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series'' - Whoopi Goldberg (Nominated) :2007 - ''Outstanding Comedy Series'' (Nominated) :2007 - ''Outstanding Directing in a Comedy Series'' - Ali LeRoi for episode "Everybody Hates Elections" (Nominated) :2007 - ''Outstanding Directing in a Comedy Series'' - Millicent Shelton for episode "Everybody Hates Valentine's Day" (Nominated) :2006 - ''Outstanding Actress in a Comedy Series'' - Tichina Arnold :2006 - ''Outstanding Comedy Series'' :2006 - ''Outstanding Actor in a Comedy Series'' - Tyler James Williams (Nominated) :2006 - ''Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series'' - Terry Crews (Nominated) :2006 - ''Outstanding Directing in a Comedy Series'' - Ken Whittingham (Nominated)

Environmental Media Awards

2008 - ''Episodic Comedy'' (Nominated)

Satellite Awards

:2006 - ''Best Television Series, Comedy or Musical'' (Nominated)

People's Choice Awards

:2006 - ''Favorite New Television Comedy'' (Nominated)

Motion Picture Sound Editors

:2006 - ''Best Sound Editing in Television Short Form - Dialogue and Automated Dialogue Replacement'' - for episode "Everybody Hates Basketball" (Nominated) :2006 - ''Best Sound Editing in Television Short Form - Music'' - for episode "Everybody Hates Halloween" (Nominated)

Nielsen Ratings

Season	Timeslot (EDT)	Season Premiere	Season Finale	TV Season	Rank	Viewers(in millions)
1	Thursday 8:00 PM	September 22, 2005	March 30, 2006	style="font-size:11px;text-align:center"	#120
2	Sunday 7:00 PM (October 2006) Monday 8:00 PM (October 2006 - May 2007)	October 1, 2006	May 14, 2007	style="font-size:11px;text-align:center"	#137
3	Monday 8:00 PM (October 1, 2007 - December 10, 2007) Sunday 8:00 PM (March 2, 2008 - May 18, 2008)	October 1, 2007	May 18, 2008	style="font-size:11px;text-align:center"	#198
4	Friday 8:00 PM	October 3, 2008	May 8, 2009	style="font-size:11px;text-align:center"	#176

Broadcast history

U.S. broadcast history

UPN

September 2005 – May 2006: Thursdays 8:00 PM/7:00 PM (new)

The CW

October 2006 – October 2006: Sundays 7:00 PM/6:00 PM (new)

October 2006 – March 2008: Mondays 8:00 PM/7:00 PM (new)

March 2008 – May 2008: Sundays 8:00 PM/7:00 PM (new)

October 2008 – Fridays 8:00 PM/7:00 PM (new)

December 2008 – Sundays 5:00 PM/4:00 PM (Repeats)

September 2009 – syndication

Nickelodeon (Nick at Nite)

Weekdays – 9:00PM & 9:30PM / 3:00AM & 3:30AM (syndication)

BET

Weekdays – 12:00PM & 12:30PM / 5:00PM & 5:30PM (syndication)

International broadcast history

''Everybody Hates Chris'' is broadcast on the following stations (and many others) around the world:

! Region	! Network(s)	! Regional Title
Arab World	MBC4	Everybody Hates Chris
Albania	Koha TV	Te Gjithë e urrejnë Krisin
Australia	Network Ten / The Comedy Channel	Everybody Hates Chris
Austria	ORF 1	Alle hassen Chris
Barbados	Caribbean Broadcasting Corporation / CBCTV CH8	Everybody Hates Chris
Belarus	kuraj bombey / kuraj bombey	Все ненавидят Криса
Belgium	VT4/ La deux	Everybody Hates Chris (subtitled) / Tout Le Monde Déteste Chris (dubbed)
Brazil		Everybody Hates Chris (subtitled) / Todo Mundo Odeia o Chris (dubbed)
Bosnia and Herzegovina		Svi mrze Chrisa
Bulgaria	BTV Comedy	Всички мразят Крис
Canada		Everybody Hates Chris
Croatia		Svi mrze Chrisa
Denmark	TV 2 Zulu	Everybody Hates Chris
Ecuador	Ecuavisa	Todos odian a Chris
Falkland Islands	Falkland Islands Television Service	Everybody Hates Chris
Finland	Nelonen	Lapsuuteni Luuserina
France		Tout Le Monde Déteste Chris
Germany	ProSieben	Alle hassen Chris
Hong Kong	TVB Pearl	阿傑出少年/ Everybody Hates Chris
Hungary	TV6	Mindenki utálja Christ!
Iceland	SkjárEinn
India	Zee Cafe	Everybody Hates Chris
Ireland	TV3 Ireland	Everybody Hates Chris
Israel	Bip, Channel 2 (Keshet)	כולם שונאים את כריס/Everybody Hates Chris (translation)
Italy	Comedy Central Italy, Rai 2	Tutti Odiano Chris
Jamaica	Television Jamaica (TVJ)	Everybody hates Chris
Kosovo	Kohavision	Te Gjithë e urrejnë Krisin
Latin America
	Sitel (TV channel)	Сите го мразат Крис
Malaysia	8TV	Everybody Hates Chris
México	TV Azteca	Todos odian a Chris
Montenegro	TV IN
Netherlands		Everybody Hates Chris
New Zealand	C4 (TV channel)
[[Norway	TV2 Norway	Alle Hater Chris
Peru
Philippines	Jack TV
Poland	Comedy Central Polska, VH1 Polska	Wszyscy nienawidzą Chrisa
Portugal		Todos Contra o Chris
Russia	kuraj-bambey.ru / Кураж-Бамбей.Ру	Все ненавидят Криса
Serbia	Fox televizija	Svi Mrze Krisa
Slovakia	TV Markíza	Chrisa nemá nikto rád
Slovenia	Kanal A	Vsi sovražijo Chrisa
South Africa	SABC 1
South Korea	FOXlife	크리스는 괴로워
Spain		Todo el Mundo Odia a Chris
Sweden	TV4 Komedi	Everybody Hates Chris
Switzerland	TSR 1 (French part)	SF zwei (German part)	Tout le monde déteste Chris (French part)	Alle hassen Chris (German part)
Trinidad and Tobago	CCN TV6 (TV6) / Caribbean New Media Group (CNMG)	Everybody Hates Chris
Turkey	ComedyMax	Everybody Hates Chris
United Kingdom	Comedy Central UK	Everybody Hates Chris
[[United States	Nick @ Nite / BET (2009-present) / UPN(2005–2006) / The CW Television Network	Everybody Hates Chris
[[Uganda	NTV Uganda	Everybody Hates Chris
Venezuela	RCTV	Todos Odian a Chris

Notes

A lot of popular and successful movies came out in the '80s such as ''Steven Spielberg's'' ''E.T. The Extra-Terrestrial''(1982), John Carpenter's ''The Thing'' (1982), ''Stanley Kubrick's'' ''The Shining''(1980), ''Wes Craven's'' ''A Nightmare on Elm Street'' (1984), ''Aliens'' (1986), ''Halloween II'' (1981), ''Back to The Future'' (1985), ''The Color Purple'' (1985) and many more.

References

External links

Category:2000s American television series Category:2005 American television series debuts Category:2009 American television series endings Category:1980s in fiction Category:American television sitcoms Category:Black sitcoms Category:UPN network shows Category:The CW Television Network shows Category:English-language television series Category:Everybody Hates Chris Category:Fictional versions of real people Category:Period television series Category:Teen sitcoms Category:Television series by CBS Paramount Television Category:Television shows set in New York City

de:Alle hassen Chris es:Todo el Mundo Odia a Chris fr:Tout le monde déteste Chris ko:에브리바디 헤이츠 크리스 it:Tutti odiano Chris la:Omnis Christopherum Odit nl:Everybody Hates Chris pl:Wszyscy nienawidzą Chrisa pt:Everybody Hates Chris ru:Все ненавидят Криса sq:Everybody Hates Chris fi:Lapsuuteni luuserina sv:Everybody Hates Chris th:เอเวอรีบอดีเฮตส์คริส tr:Everybody Hates Chris zh:阿傑出少年